Combination lock



A. KADLUBOWSK! COMBINATION LOCK Filed Jan. 8, 192 s 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 1,557,168 A. KADLUBOWSKI COMBINATION LOCK 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 8. 1923 Suva wot Q. Mad/ um M m m .5 G M0 qw d 3 J w 3 A. KA'DLUBOWSKI COIBINA'LION LOCK med Jan. 9-. $923. 4. Shasta-Shoot 4 I $4 flu 373113 mm; a. 63M.

Patented Oct. 13, 1925.

rarest creme.

ANTQN'I KADLUBO WSKI, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY; JOSEFA KADLUBOWSKIAD- mmrsraariarx orsarn Anson: KADLYUBOWSKI, n'ncnasnn.

COMBINATION LOCK.

Application filed January'S, 1923. Serial No. 611,412.

To all whom it mag/concern Be it known that I, Armour KADL soWsKI, a citizen of Poland, and resident ofJersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Locks, of which the following is a specification. Y

This invention relates to improvements in combination locks, as they maybe used for safes, strong bones, vaults or similar compartments, burglar-proof windows, automobiles, or even, if built in miniature sizes, for desks or book hasps, in short in all cases where a keyless lock, which may be opened only by the use of a digit known to the initiated, would be appropriate.

The purposes of this novel combination lock however go far beyond those of the ordinary combination locks and aim to overcome a series of drawbacks and short-comings inherent to most of them. 7

They are usually provided with a cipherdial whereon numerals or letters are engraved, and, aside from the minute accuracy with which the knob containing the pointer or notch must be matched to the dial marks, it necessitates the use oi dayor artificial light to set the combination right. In additionythe stooped position and the. whole attitude of the person opening the lock is necessarily such, that an unsuspected party, secretly wateh'ing the operation, especially on repeated occasions, can easily guess or :tollow up the numerals forming the combi nation.

A dishonest employee for instance, having acquired knowledge of the combination in this way, may repeatedly help himself to smaller sums or to valuables from a safe and escape detection. If finally the owner suspects foul-play, he will, in many 7 cases, need the help of a locksmith expert to change the combination. Indeed some of the locks in use nowadays are only built with one permanent combination. ..Meanwhile the proprietor has the desire, but no way of finding out, whether any onelin his absence has made any attempts to open the lock, even if such attempts were abortive, e2;- cept by employing a trustworthy detective or by the combination otthe lock with an automatic burglar-alarm. The latter again has often the disadvantage of either scaring away-the intruder. or can be put out of actionby previously severing the wires, etc

sons have been accidentally locked up in vaults or sates which were built air tight and have suffocated the individuals, thus trapped, before. they could be released.

In some casesof recordwatchmen or other members of the personnel, after being overcome by force or threat, were locked up in sates or vaults, so that the burglars might accomplish their escape unmolested. In all such instances it would have-proved most opportune if the combination locks, no matter how complicated their unlocking ma nipulation from the outside were, could have been unlocked from the inside by a simple grasp of which even a child orhali? incapacitated person would be capable.

In consideration of all these drawbacks mentioned the primary object of the invention is therefore to provide a combination lock which has no visible cipher dial and still operates on a positive number.

Another object is to provide a combination lock whose manipulation does not require visual control, in fact can be secretly eil ected by touch and in perfect darkness, it necessary. a

A further object is i to furnish means whereby, if desired, the combination can be changed in the simplest manner within a short time.

A fourth, object is to devise a combinaa A fifth object is to provide means, which, if so desired, can be used to actuate a burglar alarm, or some other electric apparatus lately introduced, for instance such that will take a photographic picture of the intruder, fire a pistol, liberate gases, etc.

A sixth object is to devise a keyless lock, which can be mounted in such a way that the lockdoes not offer points of attaclcto a burglars jimmy and also prevents the ack ing of the door.

A seventh object is to provide a lock which has as few outside parts as possible and has no aperture, like a keyhole, through which explosives might be conveyed into the interior, and which, in addition, does not mar. the smooth fit and appearance of the door.

A final object is to provide simple means to open the look from the inside, independent of the combination-locking device.

All these various objects are attained by the novel mechanism and combination of parts, described hereafter and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an inside view of the lock, with the back cover removed, showing the combination levers at rest, when the lock is closed. The view is taken on. line 11 of Fig. 9.

Figure 2 is an assembly of the levers and springs, attached to the underside of the lever supporting plate, shown full in Fig. 1, but indicated by dot and dash lines in Fig. 2. The view is taken on line 22 of Fig. 9..

Figure 3 illustrates the changes in position of the operating parts, resulting from the first manipulation, necessary to open the lock; that is: resulting from the axial movement of the push bar.

Figure 4. illustrates the changes resulting from the second manipulation, viz. the transport of the tooth-lever over a full tooth of't ne combination gear.

Figure 5 illustrates the action of the operating parts in the final phase of the unlocking manipulation.

Figure 6 shows the action of the operating parts, resulting from the working on a wrong combination, whereby the ratchet lever is disengaged and the combination gear refuses to be advanced any further.

Figure 7 shows the result of an attempt to open the lock after using a wrong combination: the actuation of the alarm lever and the automatic setting back of the combination parts into their original position.

Figure 8 shows an assembly of the latch mechanism proper, viewed. from the front of the lock, with the front cover removed. The view is taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 9.

Figure 9 is a horizontal section taken through the knob center of the lock.

Figure 10 is a vertical section taken on line 10-10 of Fig. 1.

Figure 11 is an edge view of the lock, taken from the latch side.

Figure 12 shows a detail of the main latch lever.

Figure 13 is a detail view of the push bar and the crosscut socket in which it rests, illustrating the travel of the same by dotted lines.

Figure 14: shows a detail of the so called trigger, which disengages the main latch lever.

Figure 15 is a detail view of the latch slide and Figure 16 is a sectional view of the latter on the line 16-46 on Fig. 15.

Though actual numbers consisting, if de sired. of a long series of digits are used as combinations, the parts of the lock, visible from the outside, as mentioned before, do not present a cipher dial, but a simple knob in the centre of an escutcheon or rosette. This knob is rotatable in either direction and in addition it can bepushed inwardly a very short distance. against a resilient spring. It has on its circumference no distinguishing marks except a little indication button or, if preferred, a little indentation, or any mark which can be found by the touch of the finger, and which, according to whether it has to be turned to the top or the bottom or be kept on the right or left hand side of the puslrknob, forms a part and prefix of the combination number.

To open the lock the separate digits of the number are counted off by pushing the knob inwardly as many times as the digit designates. and before pushing off the next digit, the knob is given a complete turn in the direction in which one turns a key to close a common lock. After thus counting off the last digit of the combination. the knob is turned in the opposite direction, and this last manipp ationv opens the lock.

Referring to the drawings more in detail the lock. as Figures 9 and 10 show best, consists in the main of the outside mechanism. consistingof the knob 20 and the escutcheon 21. and the inside mechanism. comprising all the operating levers and the latch parts. The operative communication between these two mechanisms which are attached to and sup orted by the door 22. is formed by the push bar a detail of which is shown in Fig. 13. The latch staple 24 completes the number of workin parts.

The escutcheon 21 which serves as a hearing and support to the knob 20 is fastened to the door by at least two tap screws The knob comprises the knurled hand button 20. provided with the small indicator button 20 on its circumference. the purpose of which has been explained already. and the shank 20, separated from the hand but ton by the offset 20". which limits the in ward push of the knob, and provided at its lot) inner end with two cross cuts crossing each other at right angles. A collar 261s .driven over the end of. the shank, or is welded on, to limit its outward. push and, to prevent its coming out of the escutcheon socket 21 The knob may be solid, or cored, as shown at 20.

The push bar 23, Fig. 13, consists of the insert portion 23, forming a flat offset tongue with converging sides, similar to the insert end of a bit or similar tool, as used in some-braces, the straight shank 23 and the key-bit, the latter comprising a neck part 23 with a sloping front. 23, and a square-cut nose 23 The end 23 of the push bar can be inserted in four different positions into the crosscuts 20 of the knob, so that, with the nose 23 pointing toward the latch, which is the preliminary condition for opening the lock, the indicator button 2O may come to the top, the bottom, the right or the left of the knurled knob. This affords four different combinations or species for every combination number chosen, and to start the opening operation the indicator must first be set accordingly.

The inner mechanism is encased in a housing which comprises the wall 27, the front cover 28. and the rear cover 29.

The wall 27 includes a conically tapered annular belt, on one side squared off for the latch face 27?, and provided with two hooks 2'7", opposedly arranged to embrace the latch staple 2-1 between them, as can best be seen from the illustration in Figs. 1 8 and 9.

About half way its width a diaphragm 31 is extended within the interior of the wall 27, which toward the latchface is deepened into a pocket 32 (Fig. 9) for providing the necessary working clearance of the latch. The straight face 27 is cut out at 27 to form a guidance for the latch 33,, which is integral with the slide 33. slidable within the ledges 27 and 27 Fig. 8, and upon the diaphragm 31. The ledges as well as the diaphragm are also integral parts of the wall casting 27 The center of the diaphragm is perforated by a circular opening 81 and with this opening is rotatably engaged, by means of a grommet 34k crimped over and into the annular recess 31* of the opening, a disk 34; which in the center is perforated by a slot- 34-F and on its periphery is' tangentially lengthened into a dog 34 8). The function of this dog will be, explained later.

The front cover 28 9) is fastened to the wall 27 by means of four set screws in holes 2c (Fig. 8) and the circular middle opening 28" is on the doorside encircled. by a scalloped rim or crown 28. This crown has four incisions 28 diametrically and normally set to each other and aligned in ahorizontal and vertical direction so that u u I 7 the1r positron talhes with the four eventual positions of the indicator button 20".

The aforementioned push bar 23, inserted with one end into the crosscut knob end 20 passes through the crown 28 and the slot 34: of the disk 34. It carries on its shank, next to the two offsets 23 of the insert end, a little round collar 35, slotted for the shank 23*, which slidingly fits into the crown 28, and between this collar and the disk 34: is expanded a little coil spring 36 (see Fig. 13). This spring consequently tends to press the end 2S" of the push-bar into one of the crosscuts of the knob-end, and when the knob is pushed inwardly, it pushes the bar forward against the resiliency of the spring. The spring bears against disk as.

If it is desired to change the stipulated position of the indicator button on the knob and therewith th prefix of the combination, all that is required after removal of the rear plate 29, is to pull the push-bar out of its crosscut socket 20 as far as the offset 23 settling in two opposite incisions of the crown 28, will permit, then to turn the knob with the indicator button to any desired quarter, and let the push-bar snap back into the corresponding crosscut.

In the rear compartment of the inner housing, back of the diaphragm, or, looking at Fig. 9, in the left hand compartment o next to the onlooker, is provided, a little platform or plate 40, for the support of the levers forming the combination mechanism. This platform, shown separately in 8, mounted on preferably three small lugs 31, integral with the diaphragm 31 and suitably disposed, and on at least two of them the platform is fastened by little tap screws 41, so that sufficient space is provided between the diaphragm and the platform for the operation of some levers and appurtenances pivoted on the front or door side of the platform and illustrated in detail in Fig. 2. Their relative position is shown, as they would appear, if looked at from the rear, with the platform removed. The outline of the latter is indicated-by dot and dash line.

Looking at the lever mechanism from the rear, as shown in Fig. l, the platform has a circular aperture 4-2 which must be in align ment with the disk 84, the crown 2 8 and the shank of the knob 20, so that the key-bit of the push bar can pass freely through it. Suitably located in the middle part of the platform plate a spindle 43 passes through the same and is rotatably support-ed and secured against axial displacement by a washer 4:4: on the under or front side ofthe plate and a disk 45 on the upper or rear side of it.

The disk is formed on one side with a little dog 45 which is pressed against a tongue 40, out and forced out of the platform, with its free and engaging end out radially to the spindle center, see Figs. 1, 2 and 9. The disk and the washer 44 or both may be tightly driven or soldered on the spindle, so that all three will turn in unison, and keep the spindle confined in an axial direction.

A little hairspring 46 (Fig. 9) on the washerside of the spindle is coiled around the latter, passes with one end through a pinhole, drilled through the spindle end and is with the other end fastened to the platform in any suitable manner, for instance inserted into one of the tongue slits. The hair spring is wound up in such a way that it always'presses the dog against the protruding free tongue end 40.

In Fig. 1 the disk with the pawl and the tongue 40 is shown partly dotted, as they are covered by superposed parts.

These parts consist of the combination gear 47 and the trigger 48. The latter is mounted uppermost and consists of a circular steel plate 45F with a side extension 48 in the from of a pointed hammer.

In the centre of this disk is solidly fastened an eyelet or grommet 49, fitting loosely around the spindle 43 and on its under side forming a circular flat insert piece 49 (see also Fig. 14) of the thickness of the combination gear 47 and fitting flush into a corresponding circular and central cutout of the latter.

This combination gear consists of a circular plate, with one semi-circle of its periphery provided with regular spur gear teeth, 47, and the other half provided with as many ratchet teeth, 47.

The wheel is mounted on top of the pawl disk 45 with the semi-circle of spur gear teeth toward the aperture 42 through which the pushbar passes, and the ratchet teeth on the offside, pointing in a clockwise direction. as shown in Fig. 1. On the supporting side of the pawl disk 45 underneath the gear is provided a little peg 45", which engages with a corresponding hole 47 in the combi nation gear, so that the latter is firmly attached to the pawl disk, and the spring 46, when actuated, will operate the gear also.

The combination, to which the lock is set, is formed by the sequence of broken and unbroken teeth on the spur gear side. To originally form this combination or to afterwards change it, the trigger plate 48 is furnished with a short slot or notch 48 on its periphery, out the width of the gear wheel thickness. The combination gear being made of brass, the notched steel plate 48 can be used as a tool to break out any desired number of teeth.

At a distance from the center, corresponding to the pitch-radius the trigger arm is furthermore provided with a downwardly bent ledge or tooth 48 which is to be inserted behind the last tooth, completing the c0mbination, when the trigger is put in place.

The number of spur gear teeth provided determines the number of combinations possible. If the number of teeth is for instance 24, as shown, any number of which the sum of the digits does not exceed 24, may

be employed. Every unbroken tooth before the trigger means a digit, and the number of preceding breaks (shown in dot and dash centre lines on the drawings) plus the one unbroken tooth means the height of the digit from 1 to 9, the O as digit being omitted.

As one can see from the drawings,- the combination chosen as an example is 132,531. This number can be combined, as before said, with four distinct positions of the indicator knob.

Mounted around the combination gear, partly over and partly under the platform, are a number of cooperating levers, whose function can best be understood from a description of the unlocking operation for the above said number.

Having turned the knob so that the sloping front edge 23 and the nose of the push bar 23 point away from the combination gear, the knob should first be pushed once.

This motion directly actuates the levers 50, 51, 52, the pawl 53 and the ratchet wheel 54 together with the tape roller 55. Through the intermediation of the combination gear it further moves the lever 56 which in turn lifts lever 57.

The lever 50 is an odd shaped knee-lever, pivoted at 50 on the underside of the platform and made .resilient by a flat spring 63 strained by the pegs 63 63 and the pivot head 58 and recumbent on the nose 50 of the lever, (Fig. 2).

The arm next to the pivot is bent in 3- form to clear other working parts, and with one straight portion 50 it partly shields the circular aperture 42 for the push bar, much in the same way as the so-called winking membrane partly shields a birds eye. The lever, to distinguish it from others, might therefore appropriately be called the winker lever.

It is by the pushbar edge 23 striking this winking portion of the lever and pushing it asid that the lever is turned on its pivot 50 The extreme end 50 carries a pin 50 which travels in a slot 51*, cut in the platform in a direction around 50 as center. On the pin end, protruding on the gear side of the platform, is fastened the feeder 51, a lever provided with a little ratchet or tooth 51*. adapted to engage the ratchet portion of the gear 47. This lever does not fit tightly around the pin, which holds it in place by means of a pin head 50, but has some play, being provided. itself with a:

shorter slot 51, the difference being a-little;

over the lengthof the circumferential pitch on the gear. A flat spring 64, fastened at a peg G l presses the feeder against the ratchet teeth.

It is evident, that when the winker levervisdepressed, and: with it the pin has begun to move downwardly in both slots, itfwill first strike the-end offthe shbrterslotin the feeder and then push the feeder and simu'l: ta-neously one of the ratchet teeth forward for; the distance'of one tooth. If now the gear $7 is checkedagainst'backslidingby the checking lever 59, referred to later, andthe winker lever is released, then the pin 50 will first go back to the other end of the feeder slot. 51 and. then carry the feeder. with it upwardly in the other slot. 51 for the distance of one tooth.

Thevcheck-ing lever '59 is a resilient lever, pivoted onathe, pin 59, with a little pawl 59- at the end by which it checks the hackslide of every ratchet tooth which it-iengages. As will be remembered, the combination gear with the pawl disk 45 stands under the strain of thehair spring 4:6and would, if released, always jump back towards thetongue e0 The resiliency of the. checkinglever is due to a fiat spring 65, (Fig. '2) fastened midways on a. peg to theplatform and recumbent onthe flattened side of the .pinhead 59?, the. rear end of pin 59 Theeombinationgear, advancing for one tooth space, in a counter clockwise direction, carries with it th sawtooth 56 integral with the digit-lever 56, by engagement with the next unbroken tooth. This lever is a onearmed lever, movably pivoted in a short slot 56?, which is cut in platform 40 in a direction concentric to the gear wheel. The spring 66,'stationed on the backof the platform and recumbent against theflatte'ned side of the pinheadhofi forming the rear end of the pin 56% which moves in slot 56*, tends to'react against th counter-clockwise movement of the. digit leverand'simultaneously presses it against the stop 56, (Fig. 8). If the digit lever thus moves concentrically to the gear wheel, the hub 56 pushes against a hump 57 of the interlocking lever 57.

This interlockinglever, pivoted at 57 and the recording lever 60, pivoted at 60 have two wedge-points 57 and 60 respectively, which normally are located in close opposition with the point 57* a trifle to the left, that is, toward the digit lever, (Fig. 1). If the latter however pushesthelever 5.7 a little over, as above eXpl-a-ined,.the wedge point 57* moves a trifle to the right of point 60 The consequence of this displacement willibe takenup later, (Fig. 4).

Returning to the descriptionof the winker lever the. free arm has an append-age 5.0 which actua-tcs thev tape-feed mechanism :and

simultaneously registersevery advance step i of the combination gear;

The tape feed mechanism comprises'thea tape'fe'ed roller 5.5and "anvidler. 67, oppo;.

site to the latter.

The eyelet 73 is positionedopposite and in alignment with needlepoint 5.0 f r1ned1 on the winker. lever in isuch man ncrrthat the aforesaidi appendage :50? is bent towardthe. platform, passesthrough a: SlOtl 68 m. the.

latter and .is again bent, parallel :to .tl're1platiform and pointing toward the center of. the eyelet; The twoearmedrecording lever 60 which, asmentioned before, has the wedge point 60 on one-end, has the other end. formed as a needle point60l, parallelao, and in juxtaposition with the other: needle point 50 both'points adapted to pass side by side through the-tape and the eyelet 73. To provide the necessary clearance between them, it will be required to offset the lever 60'=at 60, away from the platform.

The latter is at the extreme lower end lengthened downwardly into a "rectangular extension 40*, the outer leg of which originally runsp'arallehwith the lower edge i0? This leg is however bent over. to form a forklike bracket 40' in which a little axle 55 is journaled. Between the journals rubher tape roller 55 is fixedly iuoin'itedyand on the outside end of the axle. on theback ordoor-side' of the platform, small ratchet wheel are securely attached.

A side extension140 on the platform edge or on the extension 4:0 carries a resilient fork-like bracket 74:,in which is journalled smallrubber idler wheel 37.

' Onthe same side of the platform with the winker lever is pivoted at 52 a one-armed lever, 52 made resilient by the spring 69, strained over the pegs 69. and 69'. To the end of this lever: is rotatably linked the pawl 53 which agitates the ratchet wheel 54 and therewith the tape roller The latter is resiliently pressed against the ratchet-teeth by one end of the spring 65, before mentioned, which also engages ihe checking lever 59 on the other side.

The appendage 50 of the wicker lever, when dipping down, pushes the pawl arm 52 and the pawl 53 aside with its heel end and thus actuates the tape roller mechanism.

The combination levers and devices, described so far, cover all parts which were set in motion by the firstopeningmanipula tion. To summarize: the pushing of the knob turnsthe combination gear and the trigger &8 in a counter-clockwise direction a distance of one tooth, carrying the digit lever 56 with it without releasing the saw tooth, it punches a hole into the tape with the needle point on the winker lever, pulls the tape downwardly one step and moves the Wedge point 57 to the right of point This manipulation is illustrated in Fig. 3.

The next manipulation consists in turning the knob in the direction in which one would turn a key to close an ordinary lock, or looking at Fig. 1- in a clockwise direction. Fig. 1 illustrates the results. a

The nose 23 of the push bar, almost completely turning around, engages the horn 60 of the recording lever 60. The wedgeend 6O engages the wedge point 57* of the interlocking lever, lifting the same, and the latter by means of the horn 57 engages the horn 56 of the digit lever'56, lifting the latter out of engagement with the spurgear tooth, against which the saw-tooth 56 of this lever was resting, gear 17 being retained by check 59. The lever, 56, being disengaged, will thensnap back the full length of the slot 56, due to spring (-6, provided thatno unbroken teeth on the rim of the gear may limit this retreat. At the same time when the recording lever is swung around pivot 60, the needle point 60 punctures the tape just aside the last puncture made by the needle point 50, thus recording a digit mark.

The next digit in the combination being 3, the operation of pushing the knob must be repeated three times with the resulttnat the gear and the trigger are advanced again three teeth, a record made of it, and the saw-tooth 56 standing now in front of the next unbroken tooth, having advanced lever 56 for one tooth space. Then the knob is turned again, as before, and the saw tooth is lifted over the second unbroken tooth. In this way the combination is followed up until the last pressure of the knob, and until the trigger 48 just touches the release lever 62, (Fig.

The'lever 62 is a bell crank lever, pivoted at 62 on the doorside of the upper platform edge where it can engagethe main latch lever 7 5 (Fig. 8) with its horizontal arm 62 (Fig. 2), and with its vertical arm 62 it reaches through a notch 10 in the platform to the goarside of it, to apoint Where it can be engaged by the trigger 48, (Fig. 5).

the last push on the knob the trigger actuates this bell crank lever and releases lever 75. A last turning of the knob in the direction in which a key opens a commen lock, opens the door,

These two last movements will be more fully explained later.

It will now be described what movements will result from wrong attempts to open the lock.

Suppose that instead of turning the knob after pushing it a sufficient number of times, itis pushed once more: then the gear 17 is advanced another tooth, and the digit lever 56, not being released, as would have been proper, presses against the disengaging lever 58 which in turn by its tail end 58 disengages the feeder lever 51 from the ratchet teeth, and any further pressing of the knob will take no effect on the gear or the trigger. This movement is not especially illustrated. The lever 58 is pivoted at 58 and the pivot head is pressed by one end of spring 63 against stop 58 (Fig. 1). After this one might try to turn the knob in one or the other direction. If turned in the direction by which the lock is finally opened, that is, if the nose of the push bar is turned around as shown in Fig. 7 it will engage horn 60 from below, turning the lower arm of recording lever 60 to the left. Another horn 60 on the latter then presses against the horn 59 of the checking lever, releasing the same. This in turn releases feeder 51 by means of horn 59 pressing against horn 51 As the horn 59 simultaneously presses against horn 57 of the interlocking lever 57 and this in turn will release the digit lever, it is evident that all the'levers around the gear are thus released and the gear consequently will snap back into the initial position it occupied before an attempt to open the look was made. Also the slidable levers 51 and 56 will return to their initial position. At the same time however the pawl arm of the checking lever 59 actuates the alarm lever 61. This lever has about the shape of a crescent is pivoted at 61 and has a flat portion 61 on its convex side, against which the loop spring 77 presses, which is coiled about the peg 77 and rests with its other end against the wall of the housing, see Fig. 1. I 7

To the convex back of the alarm lever is further attached the wire 78, which plunges through a curved tubular duct 79, integral with the wall 27 and} arranged concentrically with the fulcrum of the alarm lever. Inside the duct a tube 80 of insulating material is inserted.

The contact device, thus provided, may be utilized in numerous ways, for the actuation of electrical signals and other apparatus, but as their special installation and construction goes beyond the claims of the present invention, they are not illustrated.

As Figs 1, 7 and 3 show, the checking lever has also a heel portion or side extension 59 by which when actuated, it will depress a little pin 59) which is attached to the pawl arm 52 on the other plat-form side and is slidable inthe slot 40 in the plat-form. Thereby the tape-feed mechanism is operated and through the blank space on the tape thus procured the end of the opening attempt is recorded, (Fig.

Returning to the first wrong movement contemplated, whereby the digit lever was carried over against the disengaging lever and the feeder was put out of action, if instead of the attempt just described, an attempt was made to carry the saw tooth over a digit, that is, if the knob was turned in the "direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4, the attempt to lift lever 56 would be futile as the horns 57 and 56 are no longer within range of contact, 56 having been carried too far over. Nothing therefore would happen until another attempt were tried.

Supposing now, that the digit lever 56 were not carried too far over, but on thecontrary, not far enough, that is, supposing that the saw tooth 56 were not in close engagement with an unbroken tooth, and consequently the wedge point 57 were still below the wedge point 60 and the knob were turned as shown in Fig. 6, then the wedge 60 cannot lift 57 but depresses it, and this makes the lever 57 interlock by means of the horn 57 with a notch 58 of the disengaging lever. The latter in turn disengages the feeder, as explained before. Then the lock will remain irresponsive, until the knob is turned in the other direction, when the leverswill be all released, the gear snaps back into its initial posit-ion and the alarm goes off.

Thus it will be seen that all wrong movements must prove abortive and ultimately result in starting the alarm, the tape device recording meanwhile every combination tried, whether right or wrong.

Supposing someone triedthe combinations 239,531,523. The paper ribbon would then show the following perforations:

'2 3 e A a The wall, together with the front cover 28 is fastened to the door by four tap screws,

' of which two of them, 81 (Fig. 1) are shown countersunk. They pass through the wall castings, as shown in Figs. 1 andS (holes 81), and the other two, passing through holes 82, may be flat head button tap screws. It remains to describe the parts which comprise the latch mechanism proper, as far as they have not been mentioned yet.

A detail of the latch slide 33 is shown in Figs. 15 and 16. It consists mainly of a slab carrying on the front end of the latch 33", formed in the usual way, and cut out on the rear end at 33 sufiiciently to clear the centre of the lock and the push bar in any 'iosition the slide will assume. At the heel end 33 near the main latch lever 75,

Fig. 3, it is grooved to seat one-endofa loop spring 83, Wound around a tap screw 33 and bearing with the other end against the rim 27 of the wall 27. This spring therefore tends to press the latch outwardly. At the top and bottom the slab is furnished on both sides with slide flanges 33, 33 and 33 respectively. Between 33 and 33 the slab is cut out sufficiently deep to provide working clearance for the main latch lever mechanism. For the same purpose the flange 33 is interrupted at the front side by a cut-out 33 The main latch lever 75, detailed in Fig. 12, is an $-shaped flat lever, fulcr-umed in a pivot hole 33 in the slide plate and provided at the free end with two dogs 75, and

The dog 75 is adapted to engage in the cutout 33 and oppose stop 75 on the wall 27, (Fig. 8,) to thus lock the latch slide against being unbolted. The dog 75 is bent over at right angles, so as to present more bearing surface and also to form a stop, limiting the disengaging movement of the lever, hooking over the rim 33 of the cutout.

In the latch face flange 27 of the wall casting, below the latch, is provided a push button or cylindrical plunger 84, convex at both ends and slidable in a round hole 3 1- drilled through the face flange. The inner end of this plunger, which limits the forward motion of the same by a protruding annular burr 848, rests against a leaf spring 85, fastened by a tap screw to the bottom of the pocket 32 of the wall 27 and bent over resiliently against the aforesaid plunger end. See Figs. 8 and 9.

The pivot end 75 of the aforesaid main latch lever has a flat offset 75, continued by a short incision 75 for fastening the end of a resilient wire 76 thereto, which is bent in loop form and just touches the upwardly bent end of the leaf spring 85, opposite to the plunger 84. The wire is of such proportions, that when the plunger sticks out of the latch face, the wire just touching the leaf spring, the main latch lever lies about horizontal, its dog 75 is disengaged and dog 75? rests on the rim 33.

The latch 33 consequently is unchecked, can be pushed all the way back against the resilience of spring 83 and, when released, will jump forward again.

If now the latch staple 2 1, which is of the usual construction and is fastened to the door stile 25, catches over the latch, in other words, if the door is shut, the'staple plate presses the plunger 84 inwardly, against the resiliency of the leaf spring 85 (see Figs. '8 and 9), the wire spring 76 turns the main latch lever upwardly around the pivot at 33 and the latch slide is locked. The lock cannot be opened now, before the dog 75 and thereby the whole lever 75 is depressed. This therefore is the preliminary condition.

This condition may be acomplished in two different ways, from the outside, that is by the combination lock mechanism, or from the inside. i

As explained before, the release lever (52, whose vertical front arm, shown in 1, is pushed aside by the trigger hammer 48 when the combination is operated in the correct way, has a horizontal rear arm 62* (Figs. 2 and 8) whose end is bent over 1n such manner that it engages and presses down the dog 75. The different pawls of the combination lever mechanism checking the gear 47 against backsliding, also resist the rebound of the lever 7 if now the knob 20 is turned in the sense in which a key opens a common lock, the disk 34 with the dog as, turns with it, the push bar forming a rigid connection be tween the two, said dog engages the main latch lever on the front side of the dog 7d, pushing it back, and the latch is thrown to unlock the door. Unless lever 75 is depressed by lever the dog 3 1 will not operate the latch.

As Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show, there are pro vided on the rear cover 29 two knurled hand buttons 87 and 88, one near the top, the other near the bottom. The upper button is attached to a round shank 8'? and to the inside end of this shank, in the latch compartment, is fixedly attached a dog or one armed lever 8? which, when rotated in the direct-ion of the arrow, Fig. 8, depresses the main latch lever, provided the latter is in the interlocking position, then engages the slide flange 83 and pushing it back, unlocks the latch 33. Thus the door may be simply opened from the inside, by turning the upper button, without interference by the combination mechanism.

The lower button 88 is similarly attached to a round shank, 8b (Fig. 8), passing through the cover, and to the inside end of the shank is screwed an oblong plate, 89, perforated at two points and loosely held in place on two guide pegs 89 This allows an adjustment of the play of the shank in an axial direction. On the upper rim of the plate is formed a short flat nose 89", which is adapted to loosely lit into a cutout 33 in the slide flange 33 when the latch slide is thrown back.

It is therefore possible, when the latch is turned backwards, to lock it in such position by pulling the lower indoor-knob.

A slight push forward releases the latch again.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that all the objects of the invention enumerated are attained.

But it must be understood that the de scription is illustrative rather than restrictive, and that the device can be modified and amplified in various ways.

The paper tape for instance is shown in Fig. 1 as simply leaving the lock casing through the slot in the casing wall. It can easily be arranged that the ribbon, with the record on, automatically winds itself onto a little drum, in the interior of the casing, the drum being wound up by a coil spring in the direction opposite to the one in which the record tape moves. In this way the record mechanism would be hidden from View.

For the tape rollers and their ratchet mechanism might be substituted an independent f eder mechanism, actuated by clock, with a time scale previously printed upon the tape. Thus also the exact time, during which an intruder has experimented with the lock, together with a record of his attempts, would be registered.

Furthermore the latch 33 could be length ened out into a bar or bolt, guided in a suitable manner, so that the lock could be fastened in the middle of the door, instead of near the stile, or the latch slide could be combined with a pair of so-called Cremone bolts, which operate a pair of latches in opposite directions. Many other combinations, known to those skilled in the art, are easily applicable.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as novel and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is-

1. A keyless lock, comprising a latch mechanism, a rotatable door knob, restrictedly movable in an axial direction, and means to open the lock operative by a predetermined series of reciprocations followed by a rotary movement of the door knob for each digit of a combination of numerals, said means including devices to restore the means to initial position when said predetermined series of reciprocations are interrupted by a wrong motion.

2. A keyless lock, operative on a numerical combination, an operating door knob rotatably supported by an ungraduated escutcheon and resiliently movable in an axial direction, and means to open the lock operative by a series of reciprocations of said knob followed by a rotary movement of the knob in a sequence corresponding to the numerical combination, said means including devices to restore the means to initial position when said predetermined series of reciprocations are interrupted by a wrong motion.

3. A combination lock, comprising amanually operative push bar, a rotatable gear wheel, a lever mechanism adapted to rotate said gear wheel when actuated by the push bar in a definite and predetermined series of impulses, a latch locking device, a release oontrivance automatically interlocking with the latch locking device when the latter locks the latch, and means to actuate said release contrivance by the rotation of said gear wheel.

4. In a keyless lock, the combination with a rotatable gear wheel, provided on a portion of its circumference with spur gear teeth and on another portion with ratchet teeth, a pawl-lever device, adapted to 'en gage with the spur gear teeth and a ratchet device, adapted to engage with the ratchet teeth; of a rotatable push bar manually operative, means to actuate the pawl lever device by rotating the push bar, means to actuate the ratchet device by a longitudinal motion of the push bar, and means to unlock the keyless look by the rotation 01' said gear wheel when a predetermined and definite angle of rotation has been effected by the combined operation of the two aforesaid devices.

5. In a keyless lock, operative by a rotatable push-bar, the combination with a rotatable tooth wheel, a lever mechanism, adapted to rotate said wheel when acted upon by the push bar in a predetermined series of rotary and axial motions of the latter, and means to unlock the latch of the keyless lock, operatively dependent upon the rotation of said wheel; of automatic means to interrupt the progress of the rotation of the Wheeland to bring it back to its initial position when the predetermined series of motions is interrupted by a wrong motion.

6. A combination lock comprising a latch having a lever to resist unlocking thereof, a release lever to actuate the first named lever, a rotative and longitudinally movable actuating member, and devices to opcrate said release lever controlled by longitudinal and rotative movements of said actuating member.

7. A combination lock comprising a latch having a locking lever, a release lever for the locking lever, a toothed wheel provided with a trigger to actuate the release lever, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, a lever to be moved by longitudinal movements or said member, said lever having means to rotate the toothed wheel, a digit lever having means cooperative with the toothed wheel to release its actuating means, and means operative by the rotation of said actuating member to release the digit lever from said wheel.

8. A combination lock comprising a latch having a locking lever, a release lever for the locking lever, a toothed wheel provided with a trigger to actuate the release lever, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, a lever to be moved by longitudinal movements of said member, said lever having means to rotate the toothed wheel, a digit glever having means cooperative with the toothed wheel to release its actuating means, an interlocking lever having means to release the digit lever from the wheel, and a lever operative by rotation of said actuating member to operate the interlocking lever to release the digit lever from said wheel.

9. A combination lock comprising a latch having a locking lever, a release lever for the locking lever, a toothed wheel provided with a trigger to actuate the release lever, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, a lever to be moved by longitudinal movements of said memher, said lever having means to rotate the toothed wheel, a digit lever having means cooperative with the toothed wheel to release its actuating means, an interlocking lever having means to release the digit lever from the wheel, and a lever operative by rotation of said actuating member to operate the interlocking lever to release the digit lever from said Wheel, when the actuating member is rotated in one direction, the last named lever and the interlocking lever having cooperative means to operate the interlocking lever to cause it to actuate the wheel releasing means when said actuating member is rotated in a reverse direction.

10. A combination lock comprising a latch, a locking lever therefor, a release lever for the locking lever, a rotative wheel having teeth to feed it and having other teeth variously spaced, said wheel being provided with a trigger to,actuate said release lever, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, a lever having means to rotate said wheel and opera tive by longitudinal motions of said actuating member, a checking lever for said wheel, a lever operative by rotations of said actuating member adapted to operate the checking lever, a digit lever cooperative with the spaced teeth of said wheel, and an interlocking lever cooperative with the digit lever and with said checking lever; the fifth named lever and the interlocking lever having cooperative means to actuate the interlocking lever by the fifth lever in opposite directions by the operation of the latter lever.

11. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, a release element for the locking means, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, and means cooperative between the actuating member and the release element to actuate the latter by predetermined reciprocations of said member followed by rotary movement thereof for .each digit of a numerical combination, said means including devices to restore the means toinitial position when said predetermined series of reciprocations are interrupted by a wrong motion.

12. A combination lock comprising a latch, a locking lover, a release element, a rotative wheel having a trigger to actuate the release element, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, means actuated by movement of said mem her in one direction to feed said wheel, a digit lever, said wheel having spaced teeth cooperative with the digit lever, said digit lever being mounted for longitudinal and lateral movements, and interlocking lever for the digit lever having means cooperative with the digit lever to move the latter later-ally from said wheel, said levers having cooperative means for moving the interlocking lever by longitudinal movement of the digit lever, means operative by the digit lever to release the feeding means from said wheel, and a lever operative by rotation of said actuating member and cooperative with the interlocking lever to move the same in different directions according to the direction of rotation of said actuating means.

13. A combination lock comprising a latch, a locking lever, a release element, a rotative wheel having a trigger to actuate the release element, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, means actuated by movements of said 1nemher in one direction to feed said wheel, a digit lever, said wheel having spaced teeth cooperative with the digit lever, said digit lever being mounted for longitudinal and lateral movements, an interlocking lever for the digit lever having means cooperative with the digit lever to move the latter laterally from said wheel, said levers having cooperative means for moving the interlock ing lever by longitudinal movement of the digit lever, means operative by the digit lever to release the feeding means from said wheel, a lever operative by rotation of said actuating member and cooperative with the interlocking lever to move the same in ditferent directions according to the direction of rotation of said actuating means, a checking lever for said wheel, and means cooperative betwcn the checking lever and the last mentioned lever for actuating the former by the latter.

14. A combination lock comprising a latch, a locking lever, a rel-ease element, a rotative wheel having a trigger to actuate the release element, an actuating member movable longitudinally and rotatively, means actuated by movement of said memaer in one direction to feed said wheel, a digit lever, said wheel having spaced teeth cooperative with the digit lever, said digit lever being mounted for longitudinal and lateral movements, an interlocking lever for the digit lever having means cooperative with the digit lever to move the latter laterally from said Wheel, said levers having cooperative means for moving the interlocking lever by longitudinal movement of the digit lever, means operative by the digit lever to release the feeding means from said wheel, a lever operative by rotation of said actuating member and cooperative with the interlocking lever to move the same in clifferent directions according to the direction of rotation of said actuating means, a check ing lever for said wheel, and means cooperative between the checking lever and the last mentioned lever for actuating the for mer by the latter, said checking lever being cooperative with said feeding means to release the latter from said wheel.

15. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, a release element for said locking means, a rotative wheel provided with means to actuate said release element, an actuating member mounted for longitudinal and rotative movements, devices for feeding said wheel operative by one direction of movement of said member, a device to release said feeding means by rotation of said wheel, and a lever having a projection cooperative with said memher to be actuated thereby during operation of said member in opposite directions, said lever and last named device being co operative to release said device from said wheel during one movement of said lever and to cause said device to actuate said release means during another movement of said lever.

16. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, a release element for said locking means, latch operating means, a rotative wheel provided with means to actuate said release element, said wheel having teeth to feed it, a spring normally tending to return said wheel after being fed, stops cooperative with said wheel to retain it in a set position, said wheel having other spaced teeth, means operative by the last named teeth to release the feeding means from the wheel, an actuating member mounted for longitudinal and rotative movements, said member being cooperative with said feeding means to actuate the latter in one direction of movement of the member, a checking lever for said wheel, and devices operative by said member to remove the release means from the wheel when said member is rotated in one direction and to actuate said checking lever and remove said devices from the wheel when said memher is rotated in the opposite direction.

17. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, a release element for said locking means; latch operating means, a rotative wheel provided with means to actuate said release element, means to feed said Wheel in one direction and automatically return it in an opposite direction, said wheel having spaced teeth, a digit lever cooperative with said teeth. and

mounted for longitudinal and rotativemovements, a disengaging lever for the feeding means, the digit lever being provided with a horn and adapted to actuate said disengaging lever, a spring normally retracting the digit lever, an interlocking lever having a horn cooperative with the first named horn, said interlocking lever having a wedge-like portion and a portion to be actuated by a longitudinal movement of the digit lever, a rocking lever having a wedge-like portion to cooperate with the wedge-like portion of the interlocking lever to move the latter in opposite directions, the rocking lever having a projection, and an actuating member mounted for longitudinal and rotative movements, said member being cooperative with said feeding means to actuate the latter during longitudinal movement of said lever, said rocking lever having a projection cooperative with said member in opposite directions of its rotation for rocking said lever to actuate the interlocking lever 18. A combination look as specified in claim 17, provided with a checking lever. for said wheel, said checking lever and said rocking lever having cooperative means to operate the former by the latter.

19. A combination look as specified in claims 17 and 27, in which the checking lever and the interlocking lever have cooperative means for operating the latter lever by the former lever.

20. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, an actuating member, devices controlled by said member to unlock the latch, a knob to actuate said member, and cooperative means between said knob and member for setting them in different angular relations for operation of the member by the knob, said knob having a manual indicator in relation to and inde pendent of the last named means to indicate the operative position of the knob.

21. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, an actuating member provided with a sloping portion and a nose, and devices cooperative with said sloping portion and nose of said member for controlling the latch by longitudinal and rotative movements of said'member.

22. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, an actuating member provided with a sloping portion and a nose, devices cooperative with said sloping portion and nose of said member for controlling the latch by longitudinal and rotative movements of said member, a knob, and cooperative means between the member and knob for operating the former by the latter including means to set the member and knob in difierent angular positions relative to one another.

23. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, an actuating member provided with a sloping portion and a nose, devices cooperative with said sloping portion and nose of said member for controlling the latch by longitudinal and rotative movements of said member, the inner end of said knob having crosscuts angularly disposed and said member having a shank adapted to enter said crosscuts to vary the angular relation of said member and knob, and spring means normally retaining said member and knob together.

24. A combination lock as set forth in claim 22, in which the shank has an offset, and a crown having incisions to receive said offset to retain the member in set position during adjustment of the knob relative thereto.

25. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, an actuating member, devices controlled by said actuating member to release said locking means and operate the latch, said member having an operative portion on one side of the lock, and a manually operative button projecting from the opposite side of the lock and provided with means independent of said actuating member to operate said latch locking means and the latch.

26. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, an actuating member, a knob to control the actuating member and extending from one side of the lock, means controlled by said member to unlock the latch, and means to retain the latch in unlocked position, said means having a knob projecting from the side of the lock opposite to the first named knob.

27. A combination lock comprising a latch having locking means, an actuating member, a knob to control the actuating member and extending from one side of the lock, means controlled by said member to unlock the latch, said latch having a recess, a laterally movable member to engage said recess, and a shank carrying said member and provided with a knob projecting from the exterior of the lock for operating said member to lock and release the latch.

28. A combination lock comprising a casing, a latch, a locking lever movably carried by the latch and provided with a spring, a plunger slidably carried by the casing to be engaged by a latch staple, and a spring normally advancing said plunger from the casing, the first named spring and said plunger being in cooperative relation to cause the locking lever to be out of locking position when the plunger is advanced and to resiliently retain the locking lever in looking position when the plunger is pushed inwardly.

ANTONI KADLUBOVVSKI. 

